Resumen
Summary: This study intends to present, analyse and evaluate the fairly divergent interpretations elaborated by experts studying St. Thomas, from the 1930s onwards, with regard to his doctrine of analogy, particularly in the transcendental context of the question
of God. With this purpose in mind, it proceeds in three stages. In the first place, we offer an inventory of the successive positions adopted by St. Thomas on this matter, from the Scriptum to the Summa theologiae. Secondly, we study the theories of analogy of Maurilio
Texeira-Leite Penido, Johann Baptist Metz and Cornelio Fabro, highlighting the very close link between these theories and the respective ontologies of these authors. In this way, we bring out the connection between the way each author understands the Thomasian esse and the way his thought reflects upon analogy. In the third place, we outline the development of the historiographical reconstructions of the problem which have emerged in the time from the end of the Second World War up to our own days. This brief reconstruction provides us with criteria of judgment to undertake a historical and a theoretical evaluation of the three positions investigated in the second part.
Key words: the metaphysics of Thomas Aquinas, the metaphysics of being, analogy, analogy of proportionality and analogy of reference, theological discourse, Maurílio Teixeira-Leite Penido, Johann Baptist Lotz, Cornelio Fabro, George Peter Klubertanz, Bernard Montagnes.
Parole chiave: metafisica di Tommaso d’Aquino, metafisica dell’essere, analogia, analogia di proporzionalità e analogia di riferimento, discorso teologico, Maurílio Teixeira-Leite Penido, Johann Baptist Lotz, Cornelio Fabro, George Peter Klubertanz, Bernard Montagnes.